The phenomenal success of biological products in recent years has driven substantial advances in the science and technology surrounding bioreactors and bioprocessing. The rapidity of change and growing demand to fulfil market needs have created imperatives for increased capacity and efficiency, and for reduced production costs and batch-production timeframes. There is also a constant drive to attain adequate yields and meet the necessary standards of purification and stabilisation. Furthermore, emergent areas of research, such as tissue engineering, are often accompanied by their own complex and unique challenges. Alongside the issues of process development, maintenance and scale-up, there are stringent requirements to comply with regulatory standards.
